.*^°- 









.HO 



^*^°^ 



















^^^. '- 



^ °^ \' 



^-^o^ 



64th Congress, ) HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, j Document 

1st Session. ) 1 No. 515. 



IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 



L E T T E 






TRANSMITTING 



copy of a communication from the secretary of the in- 
terior relating to the administration of the appro- 
^priations for the improvement and management of 
x national parks, and submitting an item of legislation 
Nrelating thereto. 



X 



January 8, 1916. — Refened to the Committee on Appropriations and ordered to ];e 

printed. 



Treasury Department, ' 
Office of the Secretary, 
WasJiington, January 8, 1916. 
The Speaker of the House of Representatives. 

Sir: I have the honor to transmit herewith, for the consideration 
of Congress, copy of a communication from the Secretary of the 
Interior, of the 7th instant, in connection with the administration 
•mder the Secretary of the Interior of the appropriations made for 
the protection, improvement, and management of the various na- 
tional parks, including the Hot Springs Reservation, and submitting 
a proposed clause of legislation in the interests of better administra- 
tion of the parks and the work connected therewith, which he re- 
I quests may be included in the. urgent deficiency bill, as follows: 

j There is hereby appropriated from the several appropriations for protection, im- 
; )royement, and management, etc., of the various national parks, includino- the Hot 

prmgs Reservation, as well as from the revenues from privileges, etc., in the national 
jarks and the Hot Springs Reservation, such sum or sums as the Secretary of the 
Interior in his judgment may deem necessary, to 1 e expended in employment of 

ompetent persons in the District of Columl ia and in the field, and other necessary 
)X])enses in connection with the administration of the national parks and the Hot 
springs Reservation, including expenses of travel incident to the transferring of 
?mployees from one park to another, and of park supervisors in conferring with the 
superintendent of national parks; a detailed statement of such expenditures to e su')- 
mctted to Congress. The foregoing authorization shall remain in full force and effect 
.ntil specifically repealed ])y Congress. 

Respectfully. 

W. G. McAdoo, Secretary. 



2 improvement and management of national parks. 

Department of the Interior, 

Washington, January 7, 19t6. 

My Dear Mr. Secretary: At the present time there are 13 national 
parks in different sections of the country, the total area of which com- 
prise over 4,600;000 acres. These national parks have been set aside 
Dy Congress at various tunes since 1872 and placed under the super- 
vision of the Secretary of the Interior. 

The appropriations made for protection and improvement of these 
parks and revenues derived from concessions and privileges granted 
therein are expendable under the Secretary of the Interior. How- 
ever, the laws are not altogether uniform with respect to the use of 
such revenues and appropriations. 

Each of the parks is a separate and distinct unit for administrative 
purposes, and in supervising same it has been customary to provide 
a superintendent for each, who resides in the park, together with suffi- 
cient employees, both permanent and temporary, to look after the 
{)rotection and imprcvement thereof. The work of preparing regu- 
ations for the government of the parks, contracts, and licenses, and 
considering all questions of law, as weU as disbursement of moneys, 
is handled through a small force of employees in the Secretary's office. 

With a view to securing a more effective administration of the 
parks, it was deemed advisable in 1914 to provide for a general super- 
intendent, with headquarters at San Francisco, Cal., who could go 
from park to park and, after inspecting same, plan proposed improve- 
ments in roads and bridges and give personal supervision to the 
various employees therein, his compensation being paid from the 
appropriations and revenues of the several parks under a decision of 
the Comptroller of the Treasury dated June 3, 1914, copy herewith; 
and this course was pursued with the result that many improvements 
were effected in handling park work. 

Experience, however, ot over a year under this new system demon- 
strated the advisability of dispensing with a general superintendent 
having permanent headquarters away from Washington and pro- 
viding for a superintendent to be in the field during the time w^hen 
work can be best prosecuted in the parks, and the remainder of the 
time in W\ashington, where he would keep in close touch with the 
department and its policies and render aid in the preparation of park 
estimates, and thereby be in a position to explain such estimates to 
the several appropriation committees, etc. In view of the pro- 
visions of the act of August 5, 1882 (22 Stat., 255), the superintendent 
of parks being a field officer, there is some doubt as to the length of 
time he would be permitted to remain on duty in Washington. This 
situation should be remedied by appropriate legislation. 
/ As these parks have become more popular with the traveling public 
fche activities therein have increased, and commensurate with such 
Increase the volume of work now handled in the Secretary's office has 
multiplied to such an extent that provision should be made for an 
increase in the clerical force, thereby relieving in a great measure those 
persons who handle the park work from consideration of other de- 
partmental business. In the interests, therefore, of the better admin- 
istration of the parks and the work connected therewith 1 have to 
recommend that Congress include the following paragraph in the 
urgent deficiency biU, to wit: 

D. Of D. 
MAR 28 1916 



IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 3 

OP There is hereby appropriated from the several appropriations for protection ira- 
-proyement, and management, etc., of the various national parks, including the Hot 
Springs Reservation, as well as from the revenues from privileges, etc., in the national 
, parks and the Hot Springs Reservation, such sum or sums as the Secretary of the 
, Interior m his judgment may deem necessary, to be expended in emplovment of com- 
> petent persons in the District of (^olumbia and in the held, and other" necessarv ex- 
penses in connection with the administration of the national parks and the Hot Sprino's 
Reservation, including expenses of travel incident to the transferring of emploA^ees 
from one park to another and of park supervisors in conferring with the superintendent 
oi national parks; a detailed statement of such expenditures to be submitted to Con- 
gress. The toregoing authorization shall remain in full force and effect until specifi- 
cally repealed by Congress. ^ 

It was not practicable to include this in the regular estimates of the 
department for 1917, as a final determination upon the matters herein 
presented was only recently concluded. 

There are hereto appended excerpts from my annual report of the 
operations of this department for 1915, giving detailed information 
m relation to the various national parks. 

I have to request that these papers be forwarded to Congress for 
early consideration. 

Cordially, yours, 

Franklin K. Lane. 

The Secretary of the Treasury. 



EXCERPTS FROM THE ANNUAL REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF 
THE INTERIOR FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30 1915 
RELATIVE TO THE NATIONAL PARKS AND MONUMENTS. ' 

PLACES OF BEAUTY AS AN ASSET. 

• Tn casting up the assets of the United States as a landed proprietor I have made no 
mention of one of the most delightful of our national enterprises. To build a railroad 
reclaim lands, give new impulse to enterprise, and ofier new doors to ambitious 
capital—these are phases of the ever-widening life and activity of this Nation The 
United States does more; it furnishes playgrounds to the people which are, we may 
modestly state, without any rivals in the world. Just as the cities are seein<^ the 
wisdom and the necessity of open spaces for the children, so with a very laro-e view 
the Nation has been saving from its domain the rarest places of grandeur and beauty 
for the enjoyment of the world. 

_ And this fact has been discovered by many only this year. Ha\dng an incentive 
m the expositions on the Pacific coast, and Europe being closed, thousands have for 
the first time crossed the continent and seen one or more of the national parks That 
such mountains and glaciers, lakes and canyons, forests and waterfalls were to be 
found in this country was a revelation to many, who had heard but had not believed 
It would appear from the experience of this year that the real awakening as to the 
value ot these parks has at last been realized, and that those who have hitherto fcund 
themselves enticed by the beauty of the Alps and the Rhine and the soft loveliness 
ot the valleys of France, may find equal if not more stimulating satisfaction in the 
mountains, rivers, and valleys which this Government has set apart for them and for 
all others. 

It may reconcile those who think that money expended upon such luxuries is 
wasted— if any such there are— to be told that the soberminded traffic men of the 
railroads estimate that this year more than a hundred milUon dollars usually spent 
in Liiropean travel was divided among the railroads, hotels, and their supportino- 
enterprises m this country. ° 

During the year a new national park of distinction and unusual accessibility has 
come into existence. It crosses the Rockies in Colorado at a point of supreme magnifi- 
cence; hence its title, the Rockv Mountain National Park. Through it from north 
to south winds the Continental Divide— the Snowy Range In name and in fact. Two 
hundred lakes grace this rocky paradise, and bear and bighorn inhabit its fastnesses. 
It has an area of 350 square mdes and lies only 70 miles from Denver. Many hotels 
lie at the feet of these mountains, and three railroads skirt their sides. 



4 IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OP NATIONAL PAEKS. 

This is Colorado's second national park, the other being Mesa Verde, where this 
department, with the assistance of Dr. Jesse Walter Fewkes, of the Smithsonian 
Institution, has \incovered during the last summer prehistoric ruins of unprecedented 
scientific interest. 

( )regon has l)ut recently completed a great highway along the Columbia River. 
This should be connected by road with Mount Hood and a portion of the present 
forest reserve converted into a park. The limits of Sequoia Park, in California, the 
home of the great redwoods, should be so extended as to include the Kern River 
Canyon, a most practicable })roject to-day, but to-morrow may be too late, because 
of the lumber interests. The Grand (-anyon is not yet part of the park system, 
although as part of a national forest it comes under the control of the Department of 
Agi'iculture. 

There is no reason why this Nation should not make its public health and scenic 
domain as available to all its citizens as Switzerland and Italy make theirs. The aim 
is to open them thorox:glily by roaci and trail and give access and accommodation to 
every degree of income. In this belief an effort has been made this year as never 
before to outfit the parks with new hotels wdiich should make the vititor desire to 
linger rather than hasten on his journey. One hotel was built on Lake McDermott, 
in tilacier Park, one is to be built immediately on the shoulder of Mount Rainier, 
in Paradise Valley, another in the valley of the Yosemite, with an annex high over- 
head on Glacier Point, while more modest chalets are to be dotted about in the ob- 
scurer spots to make accessible the rarer beauties of the inner Yosemite. For with 
the new Tioga road, wliich, through the generosity of ]\Ir. Stephen T. Mather and 
a few others, the Government has acquired, there is to be revealed a new Yosemite, 
wliich only John Muir and others of similar bent have seen. This is a Yosemite far 
different from the quiet, incomparable valley. It is a land of forests, snow, and 
glaciers. From Mount Lyell one looks, as from an island, upon a tumbled sea of 
snowy peaks. Its lakes, many of wliich have never been fifhed, are alive with trout. 
And through it foams the Tuolumne River, which in a mile drc'ps a mile, a water 
spectacle destined to world celebrity. Meeting < bstructions in its slanting riuh, the 
water now and again rises nearly perpendicularly, forming upright ff aming arcs 
sometimes 50 feet in height. These "water wheels," a dozen or more in number, 
will be accessible next summer by a trail to be built when the snow melts in June. 

While as the years have passed we have been modestly developing the superb 
scenic possibilities of the Yellowstone, nature has made of it the largest and most 
populous game preserve in the Western Hemisphere. Its great size, its altitude, its 
vast wildernesses, its plentiful waters, its favorable conformation of rugged mountain 
and sheltered valley, and the nearly perfect protection afforded by the p:)licv and 
the scientific care of the Government have made this pxrk, since its inauguration in 
1872, the natural and inoAdtable cei^er of game conservation for this Nation. There 
is something of significance in this./ It is the destiny of the national pirks, if wisely 
controlled, to become the public lalioratories of nature study for the Nation* And 
from them specimens may be distributed to the city and State preserves, a^is now 
being done with the elk of the Yellowstone which are too abundant, and may be 
later with the antelope. 

If Congress will but make the funds available for the construction of roads over 
which automobiles may travel -with safety (for all the parks are now open to motors) 
and for trails to hunt out the hidden places of beauty and dignity, we may expect 
that year by year these parks will become a more precious possession of the people, 
holding them to the further discovery of America and making them still prouder of 
its resources, esthetic as well as material. 

N.\TIONAL PARKS AND RESERVATIONS. 

The creation of the Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho 
by the act of March 1, 1872, marked the beginning of a policy on the pirt of Congress 
of setting aside tracts of land as recreation grounds for all the people. Since that 
time 12 additional national parks have been established in various sections of the 
country, the latest being the Rocky Mountain National Park, in Colorado, which 
park was opened to the public last June. The total amount of land embraced in 
these reservations is 4,665,906.25 acres. To these parks should be added as speedily 
as possible the Grand Canyon of the Colorado River, with its wonderful scenic 
features. The areas of these national parks, with the date of the establishment of 
each, are as follows: 



IMPBOVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 
Area of national parks. 



Name. 



Yellowstone, in Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho. 

Yosemite, in ra'ifornia 

Sequoia, in California 

General Oraut, in Ca'ifornia 

Moimt Rainier, in Washington 

Crater Lake, in Oregon 

Wind Cave, in South Dakota 

SuUys Hill, in North Dakota 

Plait, iu O klahoma 



Mesa Verde, in Colorado . 



Date of es- 
tablishment. 



Glacier, in Montana 

Rocky Mountain, in Colorado 

Hot Springs Reservation, in Arkansas. 



Total 4, 665, 966. 25 



Mar. 

Oct. 

Sept. 

Oct. 

Mar. 

May 

Jan. 

Apr. 
fUilv 
\Apr. 
/June 
\June 

May 

Jan. 

June 



1, 1872 

1, 1890 

25, 1890 

1, 1890 

2, 1899 

22, 1902 

9, 1903 

27, 1904 

1,1902 

21, 19C4 

29, 1906 

30, 1913 

11,1910 

26, 1915 

16, 1880 



Area. 



Acrex. 

, 142, 720 

719, 622 

161,597 

2, £36 

207,360 

159, 360 

10, £22 

780 

848.22 

48,966.40 

981, 681 
229, 062 
911.63 



Visitors. — The interest of the general public in these national parks has been clearly 
e^ddenced by the large number of requests for literature regarding them. During the 
season just closed there has been very marked increases in the number of tourists 
visiting these national playgrounds. In the Yellowstone National Park in 1914 there 
were 20,250 visitors, and this year two and one-half times as many — 51,895. Yosemite 
National Park in California had 33,452 visitors during the 1915 season, whereas in 
1914 only 15,145 parsons visited the park. Again, in Mount Rainier National Park, 
Wash., there has been an increase in the number of visitors of over 100 per cent — 
35,166 in 1915 as against 15,038 in 1914. The following table strikingly indicates how 
greatly popular interest in national parks has increased: 

Tourist travel in national parks. 



1915 



Yellowston" National Park (Wyo.) 

Yosemite National Park (Cal.) 

Sequoia National Park (Cal.) 

Crr-n3ral Grant National Park (Cal.) 

Mount Raiui r National Park (Wash.).. 

Mesa Verde National Park (Colo.) 

Cratsr Lake National Park (Or. g.) 

Gla:-i:r National Park (Mont.) 

Ro?kv Mountain National Park (Colo.). 
Wind Cave National Park (N. Dak.).... 

Piatt National Park (Okla.) 

Sully's Hill National Park (S. Dak.). ... 
Hot Springs Reservation (.\rk.) 



Total. 



20,250 

15, 145 
4,667 
3,735 

15,038 

502 

7,096 

14, 168 



3,592 

30,000 

500 

125,000 



239,693 



51,895 
33,452 

7,647 
10,523 
35, 166 
663 
11,371 
14,265 
31,000 

2,817 
20,000 

1,000 
115,000 



334,799 



Economic value of national parks. — ^Leaving out of consideration the cost to visitors 
of transportation from their homes to the parks, a fair idea of the economic value cf 
tourist travel in four of the larger parks may be obtained by consideration of the 
financial reports of concessioners, which show gross receipts for past seasons in the fol- 
lowing approximate estimates: Yellowstone National Park, in 1912, $1,067,161.34; in 
1913,.' $1,186,811.36; and in 1914, $848,688.44. Yosemite National Park, iu 1912, 
$311,444.32; in 1913. $359,481.45; and in 1914. $334,914.32. Glacier National Park, 
in 1913, $161,510.87, and in 1914, $155,716.14. Mount Rainier National Park, in 1912, 
$56,735.93; in 1913, $66,942.76; and in 1914, $61,078.08. 

Financial reports of concessioners in the parks for the season of 1915 have not yet 
been received in the department, but in view of the large tourist travel to the far 
West initiated by the expositions held in California, it is anticipated that marked 
increases in gross receipts by national-park concessioners will be noted. 



6 IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 

Third nationftl-park conference. — In prior animal reports attention has been directed 
to the very satisfactory results obtained from brinpng together in conference the various 
park suiierintendents' for the purpose of discussing the many difficult problems pre- 
sented in the administration of these reservations. In March of the present year the 
third conference of superintendents was held at l^erkeley, Cal., under the immediate 
direction of the assistant to the secretary, at which there were in atteiKhince other 
rejiresentatives of this (le])artment, representatives of the Departments of Agriculture 
and War, of the transcontinental railways, of many of the concessioners in the parks, 
as well as a number of other persons interested in national-park matters. Questions 
were discussed pertaining to hotel accommodations, sanitation, transportation, con- 
struction of roads, trails, and bridges, forestry, lire protection, protection of game, 
and other phases of park administration. A detailed report of the conference will be 
published by the department. 

The consensus of opinion at this conference as well as of those conferences held in 
1911 and 1912, was that as many of the problems of park management were substantially 
the same throughout the several national parks, their supervision should be central- 
ized or grouped together under a single administrative bureau specifically charged 
with such work. The conference developed many instances where economy and 
etliciency would be increased by a central administration of all the parks. For in- 
stance, the law does not permit the resident engineer of the Yosemite to be utilized at 
times in any other national park. A temporary surplusage of service or equipment can 
not be used to meet a corresponding need elsewhere. \\'ithout a central administra- 
tion the national parks can not be handled together, like departments of one business, 
for the good of all. 

Bills to create a national park service have heretofore been introduced in Congress, 
but none has as yet been enacted into law. 

Approprintions and revenues. — The total of appropriations made by Congress for 
protection and improvement of these parks during the year, expendable under this 
department, was §283,590, and the total revenues received from concessions in all the 
parks was $81,705,70. 

Expenditures of revenues. — The several acts of Congress setting aside lands for national 
park purposes, except in case of the Crater Lake National Park, Greg., and the Mesa 
Verde and Rocky Mountain National Parks, Colo., authorize the expenditure of the 
revenues derived from the privileges or concessions therein in the management and 
protection of the respective reservations. The revenues from the three parks above 
mentioned, however, are under existing law deposited in the Treasury to the credit of 
miscellaneous receipts, and the parks receive no direct benefit therefrom. It is de- 
sirable that these parks, so far as their revenues are concerned, be put upon the same 
footing as the other national parks. 

Automobiles in the parks. — Automobiles have heretofore been admitted under strict 
regulations governing travel of tlie roads to the Mount Eanier, Crater Lake, Glacipr, 
Mesa Verde, General Grant, Piatt, and Wind Cave National Parks; over the Giant 
Forest Road, in Sequoia National Park; in Yosemite National Park, over the Coul- 
terville Road from the Merced Grove of Big Trees into Yosemite Valley, over the 
Wawona Road leading to the Mariposa Big Tree Grove, and over the Big Oak Flat 
Road; and in the Yellowstone National Park, over a road in the northwestern sec- 
tion of the park not in general use, for the special accommodation of people of Gal- 
latin County, Mont. 

During the past season the generally traveled roads in Yellowstone National Park 
were opened to motor-driven vehicles, operated for pleasure purposes only, under 
strict regulations which became effective on August 1, 1915. 

The roads in Hot Springs Reservation are not in such condition, considering the 
safety of individuals and animals, as to permit of their joint use by motor-driven 
vehicles and vehicles drawn by horses, but on special occasions and under special 
restrictions motor-driven vehicles are permitted on such roads. 

The opening during the year of Yellowstone National Park to automobiles used for 
pleasure pur])oses has been much appreciated by the traveling public. They were 
operated under a very carefully work-out schedule, wliich has proved to be highly 
satisfactory. 

This park was visited during the season by 958 cars, carrying 3,513 people, which 
points to a much fuller enjoyment of the w^onders in this park by motorists in 1916. 
The total receipts from automobiles and motor cycles in all the parks were .'r!42.589.73 
in 1915, as against $14,243.07 in 1914. Automobile licenses have been issued during 
1915 as follows: 



IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 
Automobile licenses issued seasoris of 1914 and 1915. 





1914 


1915 


National park. 


Automo- Motor 
biles. cycles. 


Automo- 
biles. 


Motor 
cycles. 




1,594 ' 188 

1,107 1 18 

207 , 4 

158 ' 

392 t 12 

673 1 

11 i 

34 1 4 


3,238 

2,015 

457 

330 

1,584 

3,895 

10 

86 

958 

6 


247 




31 




26 




11 




40 


















Piatt 


1 












Total 


4,236 


226 


12,579 


355 







The extremely rapid development of motoring throughout the country, and its en- 
joyment by people of all degrees of income, has led to an active policy of road extension 
in all the national parks. An example is the acquisition and improvement of the 
old Tioga Road through the Yosemite National Park, establishing another highway 
over the Sierras. 

Priraie holdings. — The administration of affairs in all of the national parks, with 
the exception of the Yellowstone, General Grant. Piatt, Wind Cave, and Sullys Hill, 
is considerably embarrassed by the fact that within the respective boundaries are 
many patented lands and some toll roads. These private holdings are as follows: 
Yosemite National Park, 19,827 acres; Sequoia National Park, 3,716.96 acres; Crater 
Lake National Park, 1,337 acres and 1,211.11 acres of unperfected claims; Mesa 
Verde National Park, 875 acres and 118 acres unperfected claims; Mount Ptainier 
National Park, 18.2 acres; and Glacier National Park, 8,864.40 acres of patented lands 
and 7,803.71 acres of unperfected claims. 

The majority of these lands, including the Mineral King Road in Sequoia National 
Park and the Coulterville and Wawona toll roads in Yosemite National Park should 
be acquired by the Government. During the year, through the instrumentality of 
Mr. Stephen T. Mather, assistant to the Secretary, the title by donation to portions 
of the "Great Sierra wagon and toll road" (also known as the Tioga Road) and the 
portions of the "Big Oak Fiat and Yosemite toll roads," within the limits of Yosemite 
National Park, were transferred to the United States, such donations being accepted 
by the Secretary of the Interior under the provisions of the sundry civil act of March 
3, 1915, authorizing the Secretary of the Interior to accept patented lands or rights 
of way, whether over patented or other lands, in Yosemite National Park that may 
be donated for park purposes. In discussing the matter of acquisition of private 
holdings in the parks in a prior annual report, the Secretary of the Interior stated: 

"It is of sjsecial and urgent importance that provi=^ion should also be made by 
Congress for the extinguishment of private holdings in the several parks. These 
holdings seriously interfere with the proper administration of the parks and impair 
their usefulness and beauty in many ways. They can be extinguished either by way 
of direct appropriation for their purchase or by authorizing their exchange for lands 
or timber within the particular parks or witliin the national forest reserve adjacent 
thereto. The public timber so exchanged can, in many cases, be confined to dead 
or matured timber wliich can be removed from the parks without injuri' >usly affecting 
the scenic beauty thereof. If authority of tliis sort is vested in the Secretary of 
Agriculture and the Secretary of the Interior, as to the reserves of which they have 
jurisdiction, respectively, exchanges of park or forest lands or timber can be made 
for appropriate strips of private timbered lands along ihe public roads within the 
exterior limits of the parks or forest reserves, so as to protect the scenic beauty of 
these roads from impending destruction." 

Thereafter Congress, by the act approved April 9, 1912 (37 Stat., 80), authorized the 
Secretary of the Interior, for the i)in'pose of eliminating private holdings within the 
Yosemite National Park and to preserve intact the natural timber along the roads in 
the scenic portions of the park, both on patented and park lands, in his discretion, to 
obtain by exchange complete title to any and all of the lands within the boundaries 
of the park held in jjrivate ownership. Among other things it was provided that the 



8 IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 

vahic of i)atontod lands within the i)ark offered in the exchange and the vahie of 
timber on park lands j)roposed to be given in the exchange should be ascertained in 
such manner as the Secretary of the Interior might direct. 

The STibject was taken up with the Yosemite Lumber Oo., which has a large area of 
])atent('d lands in the park, principally along the Wawona Road, and it was found 
that an exchange could not be made, for the reason that the value of the lands owned 
by the com])any with the timber thereon was far in excess (>f the timber on the park 
lands, and (Congress, by the act approved A])ril Ki, 1914 (38 Stat., 345), amended sec- 
ti(>n 1 ( f the act (jf 1912 so as to authorize the Secretaries of the Interitjr and Agricul- 
ture, for the purpose of eliminating private holdings in said park and preserving the 
timlx r along the roads adjoining the scenic portions thereof on patented lands, to 
obtain and accept f«ir the United States a complete title to any and all patented lands 
within the boundaries of the park "by the exchange of timber or timber and lands 
within the Yosemite National Park and the Sierra and Stanislaus National Forests 
for such lands and the timber thereon wathin the park." 

I'ndor this legislation the matter was taken up with the Yosemite Lumber Co.. and 
a contract was entered into on January 18, 1915. between it and the department under 
which the Government is to give timber and timber lands in Yosemite National lark 
and Sierra National Forest to that corporation in exchange for lands and timber 
owned by it in the park and forest, the exchange values in each case to be equal. 
This contract is now being carried into effect under supervision of the representatives 
of the department in the park. 

The act of Congress ai)proved May L3, 1914 (38 Stat., 376), for the purpose of pre- 
serving scenic features and consolidating certain forest lands belongiQS to the LTnited 
States within the Sierra National Forest and the Yosemite National Park, Cal., 
authorize? the Secretary of the Interior, on the recommendation of the Secretary of 
Agriculture — 

"and after obtaining and accepting for the Government of the United States a valid 
title to the land to be acquired, which title shall be approved by the Secretary of the 
Interior, to exchange lands belonging to the United States within the Sierra National 
Porest for pri^ately owned timberlands of approximately equal area lying within the 
boundaries of said national forest and the Yosemite National Park." 

LTnder this statute an exchange of lands has been consummated which will result 
in the addition of IGO acres of land to the park. 

Senate bill 5433, which passed the Senate on June 5, 1914, authorized the Secretary, 
for the purpose of eliminating private holdings within the Glacier National Park, 
and to preserve the natural timber along the roads in the scenic portions of the park 
on patented and park lands, to obtain for the United States a complete title to any or 
all lands held in private or State ownership within the park "by the exchange of 
dead, decadent, or matured timber that can be removed from any part of the park 
without affecting the scenic beauty thereof, or from Government lands within the 
metes and bounds of the national forests wdthin the State of Montana," and also to 
exchange for patented lands in the park Government lands of equal value witliin 
national forests in said State, the lands in the national forests to be offered in exchange 
to be determined by the Secretary of Agriculture. This bill, however, failed to 
become a law. 

Jurisdiction. — The United States has exclusive jiuisdiction over the lands in Yel- 
lowstone Park within the State of Wyoming and also over the lands within Glacier 
National Park, Mont., and Piatt National Park, Okla., and Congress has provided 
a means of enforcement of the laws and regulations pertaining thereto. In the other 
national parks, however, over which the laws of the States in which they are located 
obtain, great difliculties in administration have been encoimtered, owing to the fact 
that the department has no jurisdiction to punish offense.^ in violation of the regula- 
tions relating thereto, and especially in the matter of preventing depredations on 
game and the selling of liquor therein. 

(Conservation of vi'ld animal life. — The national parks, free as most of them are from 
all public lumbering and private grazing enterprises, and protected by law from 
hunting of any kind, alone have the seclusion and other conditions essential for the 
protection and propagation of wild animal life. Eventually they will become great 
public nature schools to which teachers and students of animal life will repair yearly 
for investigation and study. 

The enormous increase of wild animals in the Yellowstone since it became a national 
park in 1872 points the way. Deer, elk, moose, bison, and antelope here abound in 
greater numbers no doubt than before the days of the white man; and many of them 
have become almost as fearless of man as animals in captivity. From here many 
State, county, and city parks have been supplied, under proper restrictions, with 
surplus animals for propagation purposes. '\\Tien interfering private holdings are 



IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 9 

extinguished in other national parks and United States laws made to supersede State 
laws, these, too, will become centers of animal preservation as effective as the Yellow- 
stone. 

Increastnq park areas. — Congress so carefully ciit the boundaries of the national parks 
to the express purpose for which each was created that in some instances scenic fea- 
tures of the very first order were excluded. In the carefiU study which the depart- 
ment has since made of each such territory it has become appirent that in several 
instances outlying territory should be added to these reservations. The most dis- 
tinguished of these instances is Sequoia National Park, the boundaries of which 
should be extended to include the sup?rb Kings Canyon on the north, and on the east 
the Kern Canyon, and the west slcpe and summit of Mount Whitney, the highest 
mountain imder the American flag: also other instances are the Continental DiAdde, 
for a few miles south of the new Rocky Mountain National Park, together with several 
small outlying featiu'es of extraordinary beauty. 

New national -paries. — Of the 10 or more scenic neighborhoods claiming national- 
park status the most distinguished is the Grand Canyon of tlie Colorado, now classed 
as a national monument. This is one of the greatest natural show places of the world. 
It demands and should have immediate recognition and development as a national 
park. 

Other proposed national parks have scenic value and availability of high degree 
and will be considered as Ihey come prominently before Congress through the desires 
and activities of the people of their respective States. It is the policy of the depirt- 
ment not to actively seek the creation of new national parks but to develop and admin- 
ister all such reservations accepted by Congress and intrusted to its care. 

General superin/evehnit nf natioval perks. — Mr. Mark Daniels, general sup-^rintendent 
and landscape engineer of the national parks under this department, made insp?ctions 
during the year of the Mesa Verde, Piatt, and Wind Cave National Parks and the Hot 
Springs Reservation; supervised the enforcement of the regulations in the parks, 
the laying out of roads and trails, designing of buildings and structures, and the 
planning of general improvements: provided for the establishment of a unit cost- 
keeping system in the Yosemite National Park which has resulted in considerable 
saving: supervised the construction of a concrete bridge in the Mount Rainier Na- 
tional Park and wooden bridges in the Yosemite National Park, and supplied plans 
and specifications for several different typ^s of concrete bridges for other parks; 
replanned the road-.sprinkling system in Yosemite, established an automobile sched- 
ule therein, designed a complete road and trail system for five of the parks, prepared 
plans for a new village in Yosemite, installed a purchasing branch for the several 
national parks in San Francisco and purchased th)ough the same materials for most 
of the western parks, and gave attention to many other details of park administration. 

Proposed national- park service. — In the annual r':^p ort of the Secretary of the Interior \ 
iov 1911, in discussing national-park affairs, he stated: \ 

"While public interest in and use of these reservations is steadily increasing, as I 
shown by the growing number of visitors, adequate provision has not been made J 
I for their efficient administration, and sufficient appropriations have net been made 
\ for their proper care and deA^elcpment. At present each of these parks is a separate 
\3,nd distinct unit for administrative pui poses. The only general supervision which 
IS possible is that obtained by referring matters relating to the national parks to the 
same officials in the office of the Secretary of the Interior. Separate apprcpriations 
are made for each park, and the errployment of a common supervising and directing 
force is impossible. Many of the problems in park management are the same through- 
out all of the national parks, and a great gain would be obtained and substantial 
economies could be effected if the national parks and reservations were grouped 
together under a single administrative bureau. Bills to create a bureau of national 
parks have heretofore been introduced in Congress, and, in my judgment, they 
should immediately receive careful consideration, so that proper legislation for this 
purpose may be enacted. Adequate appropriation should also be made for the 
development of these pleasure grounds of the people, especially through the con- 
struction of roads and trails and their proper care and maintenance." 

In a special message to Congress, dated February 3, 1911, President Taft stated: 

"I earnestly recommend the estalbishment of a bureau of national parks. Such 
legislation is essential to the y^roper management of those wondrous manifestations 
of nature, so startling and so beautiful that every one recognizes the obligations of 
the Government to preserve them for the edification and recreation of the people." 

A bill (S. 826, 63d Cong., 1st sess.) to establish the national park service, and for 
other purposes, was re^5orted favorably from the Senate Committee on Public Lands, 
but failed to become a law. 



f s] 



10 



IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 



There are hereto appended tables giving the location, date of establishment, area, 
private holdings, if any, and number of visitors, and the special characteristics of the 
various national parks under the supervision of the Secretary of the Interior, the 
approi)riations made by Congress for the protection and improvement thereof during 
1915 and nine years prior thereto, as well as revenues derived from leases, privileges, 
and concessions in said reservations received during said period; also a statement of 
the automobile receipts during 1915. 

NATIONAL MONUMENTS AND PRESERVATION OF AMERICAN ANTIQUITIES. 

By an act approved June 8, 1906, entitled "An act for the preservation of American 
antiquities," the President of the United States is authorized, "in his discretion, to 
declare by public proclamation historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures, 
and other objects of historic or scientific interest that are situated u])on the lands 
owned or controlled by the Government of the United States to be national monu- 
ments." Under such authority the President has created 30 monuments: 

National monuments adminutered by Interior Department. 



Name. 



Dfivils Towpr 

Montrizuma Castle 

EI Morro 

Chaco Canyon 

Muir Woods 2 

Pinnacles 

Tumacarori 

Mukuntuwoap 

Shoshon? Cavorn 

Natural Bridgas s 

Gran Quivira 

Sitka 

Rainbow Bridge < 

Lewis and Clark Cavern. 

Colorado 

Petrified Forest 

Navajo < 

Papago Saguaro 

Dinosaur 



State. 



Wyoming 

Arizona 

New Mexico. 

do 

California 

do , 

.Ari/ona , 

Utah 

Wvoming 

IT tall 

New Mexico. 

Alaska 

Utah 

Montana 

Colorado 

Arizona 

do 

do 

Utah 



Date. 



Sept. 24, 
Dec. 8, 

do.. 

Mar. 11, 
Jan. 9, 
Jan. 16, 
Sept. 15, 
July 31, 
Sept. 21, 
Sept. 25, 
Nov. 1, 
Mar. 23, 
May 30, 
May 16, 
May 24, 
July 31, 
Mar. 14, 
Jan. 31, 
Oct. 4, 



1906 
1906 



1907 
1908 
1908 
1908 
1909 
1909 
1909 
1909 
1910 
1910 
1911 
1911 
1911 
1912 
1914 
1915 



Area. 



Acres. 

1,152 

160 

160 

1 20,629 

295 

2,080 

10 

1 15,840 

210 

1 2, 740 

160 

57 

160 

160 

13, 883 

25, 625 

360 

2,050 



1 Estimated area. 

2 Donat-id to the United States. 

3 Originally sjt aside by proclamation of Xpr. 16, 1908, and contained only 120 acres. 
< Within an Indian reservation. 



Administrative conditions. — The supervision of these various monuments has, in the 
absence of any specific appropriation for their protection and improvement, necessarily 
been intrusted to the field officers of the department having charge of the territory in 
which the several monuments are located. 

As stated in the last annual report, the administrative conditions continue to be 
unsatisfactory, since no appropriation of funds has yet been made available for this 
important protective and preservative work. Such supervision as has been possible in 
the cases of a few monuments only has been wholly inadequate and lias not prevented 
vandalism, unauthorized exploitation, or spoliation of relics found in those prehistoric 
ruiiis, whose preservation is contemplated bj^ the passage of the act of June 8, 1938. 
An estimate in the sum of 15,000 for protection of these monuments was submitted 
in 1913, but no appropriation was made by Congress. This amount was desired not so 
much for the purpose of preserving by restoration the objects reserved in the national 
monuments as to prevent the removal of valuable relics, and vandalism. Monu- 
ments suffering from these causes should be provided with a custodian or superintend- 
ent, and in this .way a small general appropriation can be made most useful, and its 
expenditure will be wholly in the interest of the public. The protection and pres- 
ervation of the national monuments as public reservations are of great interest and 
importance, because a great variety of objects, historic, prehistoric, and scientific in 
character, are thus preserved for public use intact, instead of being exploited by 
private individuals for gain and their treasures scattered. These reserves should be 
administered in connection with the national parks, which they strongly resemble. 
It would be difficult to define one in terms that would exclude the other. The renewal 



IMPEOVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 



11 



of the estimate for an appropriatiou of $5,000 has been made for the purpose of keeping 
this class of reserves intact until such time as Congress shall authorize the creation of 
some administrative unit which shall take over both the pirks and monuments and 
administer them under a general appropriation. No new monuments were created 
during the year. 

National monuments under other departments. — The following national monuments 
are not administered by the Secretary of the Interior: 

National monumc7its administered by Department of Agriculture. 



State. 



Date. 



Cinder Cone 

Lassen Peak 

Gi.a ClilT Dwellings. 

Tonto 

Grand Canyon 

Jewel Cave 

Wheeler 

Oregon Caves 

Devil Postpi e 

Mount Olympus 



California 

do 

New Mexico . . 

Arizona 

do. 

Poutli Dakota. 

Colorado 

Oregon 

California.. .. 
Washington . . 



May (\ 
...".do.. 
Nov. l(i, 
Dec. 19! 
Jan. 11 
Fcl). 7, 
Dec. 7 
July 12 
,TulV 



1007 



1907 
1907 
1908 
190S 
1908 
19G9 
191! 
Apr. 17,1912 



Acres. 
1 5, 120 
I 1,280 

leo 

1640 

1 806, -WO 

1 1,280 

1300 

480 

> 800 

1 299, .370 



1 Estimated area. 



National monuments administered by War Department . 



Name. 


State. 

• 


Date. 


Area. 


Big Ilo!e Battle field 1 




June 23,1910 


Acres. 

5 


Cahrillo . . 




Oct. 11,1913 


1 









• Set aside by Executive order. 



Excavation of ruins. — Paragraph 3 of the uniform rules and regulations promulgated 
by the Secretaries of the Interior, Agriculture, and War, under date of December 28, 
1906, to carry out the provisions of the act for the preservation of American antiquities, 
reads as follows: 

"Permite for the excavation of ruins, the excavation of archaeological sites, and the 
gatheriH^pf objects of antiquity will be granted by the respective Secretaries having 
jurisrliction to reputable museums, universities, colleges, or other recognized scientific 
or educational institutions, or to their duly authorized agents." 

During the year seven permits were granted for the examination, excavation, and 
gathering of specimens, as follows: 

To Prof. A. V. Kidder, of Harvard University, to make examination and excava- 
tion of ruins in the Chinlee Valley and the tributary canyons which enter it below 
the Mexican water and the canyons heading against the Navajo Mountains on its 
east and north sides, as continuation of explorations under similar permits granted 
by the department in 1913 and 1914. This locahty is in the vicinity of the Navajo 
National Monument. 

To Mr. Edgar L. Hewett, director of the School of American Archaeology, Santa Fe, 
N. Mex., to make explorations and excavations necessary for the making of an archaeo- 
logical report upon the district lying between the north boundary of the Kamon Vigil 
grant and the Guages Canyon, on the Pajarito Plateau, N. Mex., and to collect speci- 
mens for the use of the Commercial Museum of Philadelphia, Pa., which institution 
collaborates mth the School of American Archaeology in this research work. 

To the Smithsonian Institution, to make archaeological reconnoissance of and, if 
deemed practicable, to conduct excavations and gather specimens on the public do- 
main in Millard, Beaver, Iron, and Box Elder Counties, Utah, such collections to 
be permanently deposited in the United States National Museum. 

To Frof. I ivingston Farrand. president of the University of Colorado, to prosecute 
archaeolo'/ical research on public lands under administration of the Interior Depart- 
ment in San Juan and Rio Arraba Counties, N. Mex., and in a strip of country 15 
miles in width crossing Montezuma, La Plata, and Archuleta Counties (not, however, 



12 IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 

within llie boundaries of the Mesa Verde National Park), and to collect specimens. 
This work is in the nature of continuation of research under similar permit issued in 
1914 coverinu: territory contiguous to the above. 

To the Tniversity of Arizona, at Tucson, Ariz., to prosecute archaeolo.q:ical research 
within the territory south and west of Navajo Mountain and in the Sa'.i:i Canyons, in 
northern Arizona east of the Colorado River, and to colk'ct specimens for use of the 
univei'sity, sucii work to be conducted under personal supervision of I'rof. Byron 
Cumminirs (formerly of the University of Utah), and tlie territory within which ex- 
plorations take place not to overlap that covered by the above permit to ] rof. Kidder. 

To Mr. CharU\s H. Ko])in.son, to gather archaeological specimens on the i)ublic do- 
main within the* so-called "Spanish Di<i;j,dn^s " country, located east of the Ilatte 
Kiver, in Converse, Niobrara, Platte, and (loshen Counties, Wyo.. durint,' Aufjust, 
1915, such collections to be permanently deposited, one-half in the McUean County 
(111.) Historical Society Museum, l>loomin<iton. 111., and one-half in the Illinois 
State Natural liisiorical Museum at Springfield, 111. 

To Dr. K. ]}. Farle, to collect not exceeding 100 pounds of specimens of silicified 
wood from the Fossil Forest of Arizona (letrilied Forest National Monument) for the 
ipuseum of New York F^niversity and similar quantity for the museum of Hunter 
College. 

ADMINISTRATIVE EFFORT — THE NATIONAL PARKS. 

1. Initiated additional hotel and camp facilities, which enabled the national parks 
to successfully accommodate nearly two and one-half times as many visitors as in any 
previous year. 

2. Executed long-term contract for development of Yosemite National Park on a 
profit-sharing basis with Government, concessioners to erect immediately two hotels, 
and thereafter, as rapidly as possible, camps and chalets iu upper parts of the park. 

3. Promoted similar development at Mount Rainier National Park, which i^romises 
to afford service next summer. 

4. De.signed new and beautiful Yosemite village to gradually replace present 
shabby village; designed similar developments for other national parks, including 
systems of chalets to be built at points and intervals convenient to travelers in auto- 
mobile.-* or on foot. 

5. Perfected comprehensive plans for furnishing public information on wide scale 
about the beauty and accessibility of National Parks with purpose of directing travel 
thereto. 

6. Opened all roads in the Yellowstone National Park to automobiles. 

7. Acfjuired title to old Tioga Road through Yosemite National Park and restored 
it by extensive repairs, thus opening up new and shorter automobile rou'te acro.^s the 
Sierra; acquired title to the Big Oak Flat Road to and within Y'osemite National 
Park and improved it. 

8. Prepared preliminary plans ior complete road and trail systems in Crater Lake, 
Sequoia, Glacier, Mount Rainier, and Y^osemite National Parks. 

9. Began important development of the eastern entrance to Y^ellowstone National 
Park and opened negotiations with railroads looking to interchange of routes which 
will enable transcontinental passengers to pass through park en route,- entering and 
leaving same through any gates and by any railroads they may elect. 

10. Opened to the public the new Rocky Mountain National Park covering superb 
scenic portion of Continental Divide in Colorado. 

11. Extended automobile road to Paradise Valley in Mount Rainier National Park 
resulting in large increase in travel to and upon the glaciers. Surveyed road up 
Carbon River Canyon to open north side glaciers to public. Completed trail entirely 
around Mount Rainier, a distance of about a hundred miles. 

12. Discovered and excavated a remarkable prehistoric structure in Mesa Verde 
National Park supposed to have been Pueblo fortress. Repaired and restored several 
prehistoric ruins. 

13. Erected on the rim of the Grand Canyon of the Colorado River a rock memorial 
to John W. Powell, the original explorer of canyon. 

14. Surveyed Mineral King Road to open up southern part of Sequoia National 
Park. 

15. Established central purchasing agency for several western national parks. 

16. Installed at Hot Springs Reservation a scientific system of mountain climbing 
known as the Oertel System of Graduated Exercises for benefit of persons under med- 
ical supervision. 



IMPEOVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 13 

Appropriations and revenues of national parks for the Ji seal years 1906-1915. 





Appropria- 
tion. 


Revenue. 


Total. 


Yellowstone National Park: 

1906 


$7,500.00 

7, .500. 00 
8,000.00 

10, £00. 00 
8,000.00 
8, 500. 00 
8, 500. 00 

8, £00. 00 
8, £00. 00 
8,500.00 


81,. 522. SO 
2, 808, 96 
4,699.65 
4,790.20 
5,110.05 
23,420.13 
16,476.38 
21,980.10 
15,439.23 
20,307.40 




1907 




1908 




1909 




1910 




1911 




1912 




1913 




1914 




1915 








Yosemite National Park: 

1906 


84,000.00 

5,400.00 
5,750.00 
30, 000. 00 
30, 000. 00 
30,000.00 
62,000.00 
50, 000. 00 
80,000.00 
125, 000. 00 
100, 000. 00 


116,554.60 

1,000.00 
9,193.04 
14,390.06 
16,051.17 
21,373.18 
35,765.48 
23,855.77 
19, 495. 83 
23,406.14 
37,019.20 


$200,-554.60 


1907 




1908 




1909 








1911 








1913 








1915 








1906 . 


518,150.00 

10,000.00 
10, 000. 00 
15,550.00 
15,550.00 
15, £.50. 00 
15,5.50.00 
15,550.00 
15,550.00 
15,550.00 
15,550.00 


201,549.87 


719,699.87 




159.50 
43.15 
46.57 
121. 78 
255. 65 
305. 16 
353. 85 
4,094.21 
1,975.03 




1908 








1910 




1911 




1912 








1914 












General Grant National Park: 

1906 


144,400.00 

2,000.00 
2,000.00 
2,000.00 
2,000.00 
2,000.00 
2,000.00 
2,000.00 
2,000.00 
2,000.00 
2,000.00 


7,354.90 


151,754.90 


1907 






190S 


63. 75 




1909 . 






50.00 
210. 64 
173.54 
158. 68 
429.64 
560.89 




1911 








1913 




1914 




1915 








1906 


20,000.00 

3,000.00 
7,315.00 
3,000.00 
3,000.00 
3,000.00 
3.000.00 
3,000.00 
7,540.00 
8,040.00 


1,647.14 


21,647.14 




25.00 




1909 






11.00 
30.00 
323.00 
784. 18 
793. 00 
1,359.50 




1911 




1912 




1913 








1915 








Mesa Verde National Park: 

1907-8 


40,895.00 

■ 7,500.00 

7,. 50 J. 00 

7,500.00 

20,000.00 

7,500.00 

15,000.00 

10,000.00 

10,000.00 


13,325.68 


44,220.65 


1909 






1910 






1911 


100. 00 
898.92 
615. 21 
679. 00 
637. 42 




1912 




1913 




1914 




1915 










85,000.00 


12,930.55 


87,930.5£ 



1 Carried to credit of "Miscellaneous receipts" and "General fund" in Treasury. 



14 IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 

Appropriations and revenues of national parls/or the fiscal years 1906-191.5. — Coutiuued. 





Appropria- 
tion. 


Revenue. 


Total. 


Mount Ranier National Park: 

19(17 


$2, .500. 00 
3,000.00 
3,000.00 
3, 000. 00 
3,000.00 
5, 400. 00 
20,000.00 
23,400.00 
51,000.00 


$205.22 
170. 00 
1,104.79 
8,95.3.79 
7.748.48 
5,370.36 
7.301.62 
9.040.10 
12,893.29 




190S 




1909 




1910 




1911 




1912 




1913 




1914 




1915 








Wind Cave National Park: 

1906 


114,300.00 

2,500.00 
4,400.00 
2,500.00 
2,500.00 
2,500.00 
2,500.00 
2,500.00 
416.67 
2,500.00 
2,500.00 


52,787.65 


$167, 087. 65 


1917 






1908 


200. 00 




1909 




1910 


340. 75 
340. 00 
675. 00 
528.26 
246. 17 
2,492.70 








1912 








1914 












Piatt National Park: 


24,816.67 


4,822.88 

37,307.44 
178. 00 

7,021.00 
272. 00 

2,130.31 
422. 75 
165. 50 
49. 95 
282. 81 
241.76 


29,639.55 


1907 












1909 












1911 


5.000.00 
10, 000. 00 
8,000.00 
8,000.00 
8, 000. 00 








1913 








1915 








Glacier National Park: 

1911 


39,000.00 

15,000.00 
69,200.00 
75,000.00 
100,000.00 
75,000.00 


48,071.52 

326. 88 
1,490.94 
4, 6,52. 14 
4,010.71 
4,218.51 


87,071.52 


1912 




1913 








1915 








1915 


334, 200. 00 
3,000.00 


14, 699. 18 


348,899.18 
3,000.00 










1,407,761.67 






1 


453,743.97 












1,861,505.64 



Visitors to national parks, 1908 to 1915. 



Namo of parlc. 


1908 


1909 


1910 


1911 


1912 


1913 


1914 


1915 


Yellowstone National Park... 


19,542 


32, 545 


19,575 


23,054 


22,970 


24,929 


20,250 


61,895 


Yosemite National Park 


8,850 


13, 182 


13,619 


12,630 


10,884 


13, 735 


15,145 


33,452 


Sequoia National Park 


1,2.51 


8.54 


2,407 


3,114 


2,923 


3,823 


4,667 


7,647 


General (irant National Park. 


1,773 


798 


1,178 


2,160 


2,240 


2,756 


3,735 


10, 523 


Mount Rai wx National Park. 


3,511 


5,968 


8,000 


10.306 


8,946 


13,501 


15, 038 


35, 166 


Mesa Verde National Park. .. 


SO 


165 


250 


206 


230 


280 


502 


663 


Crater T.ako National Park... 


5,275 


4,171 


5.000 


1 4,500 


5,235 


6,253 


7,096 


11,371 


Wind Cave National Park.... 


3,171 


3,216 


3,387 


3,887 


3,199 


3,988 


3,692 


2,817 


Piatt National Park 


26, 000 


25, 000 


125,000 


30,000 


■31,000 


135,000 


130,000 


120,000 


Sullvs Hill National Park.... 


250 


190 


190 


1200 


1 200 


300 


500 


1,000 


Hot Sprinsis Reservation 


(-) 


(-J 


120,000 


130,000 


135,000 


I 135,000 


1 125,000 


1 115,000 










1 4,000 


6,257 


12, 138 


14,168 


14,265 


Rof'kv Mountain National 










Park 
















131.000 




















Total 


69, 703 


86, 089 


198,606 


223,957 


229,084 


2.^1,703 


239,693 


334,799 







• Estimate. 



» No record kept. 



IMPEOVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 



15 



Receipts collected from automobiles and motorcycles admitted into the national parks 
during the period from Oct. 21, 1914, to Nov. 17, 1915. 





Number of per- 
mits issued. 


Receipts. 


Name of national park, source of re- 
ceipt, and fee charged per automo- 


Season 1914. 


Season 1915. 


Total, 


bile or motorcycle. 


Auto- 
mo- 
biles. 


Motor ■ 
cycles. 


Auto- 
mobiles. 


Motor- 
cycles. 


Auto- 
mobiles. 


Motor- 
cycles. 


bi.es and 
motor- 
cycles. 


Mount Rainier (Wash.): 


1,594 
3,238 




$7,970.00 




$16,190.00 


$247. 00 

31.00 
27.50 

40.00 
26.00 




Do 








is8 

247 




$188. 00 




Do 












24.90 




50.54 






673 
2,445 

121 
1,527 










7,945.10 
3,365.00 


16, 139. 46 

12,225.00 

302. 50 

1,527.00 


$24, 519. 56 


Yosemitei (Cal.): 






Do 




Fee, in Mariposa Grove, $2.50 










Fee reduced, in Mariposa Grove, .$1. 














8.75 






Deduction of transmission fees 


14,054.50 
41.02 






8 

14 

1,099 

2,011 

143 
158 

186 

1 










3,356.25 
40.00 


14,013.48 

70. 00 
2.011.00 


17,369.73 


Crater Lake (Oreg.): 

Fee, $5 for season automobile and 




Do 




Fee, .$1 for round trip 


18 
31 


1,099.00 


18.00 




Do 














1,139.00 


2,081.00 

715.00 

465. 00 
10.00 


3, 269. 00 


Sequoia (Cal.): 

Fee, $5 for sine;le round trip of au- 
tomobiles or motorcvcles 






Season permits , at -$5 each 

Fee, reduced Julv 16, 1915— 

J. ound-trip permits, $2.50 each 


11 


790. 00 






Season permits, $10 each 












2.39 






Deduction of transmission fees 


1, 190. 00 
3.94 






385 
1,585 

7 
16 


12 
40 








787. 61 
385.00 


1,186.06 

1,58.5.00 
80.00 


2,001.17 


General Grant (Cal.): 

Koimd-trip permits, at $1 eacb 

Do 


12.00 




Season permits, at $5 each 

Do 


35.00 


















420.00 
2.93 


1,665.00 
6.60 




Deduction of transmission fees 


















417. 07 


1, 058. 40 
4.00 




Overpavrnent on permit of 1914 
deducted from 1915 receipts 








34 

87 


4 


34.00 


4.00 




Mesa Verde (Colo.): 

Fee, $1 for single round trip 

Do 


1,654.40 

87.00 
.93 


2, 123. 47 






.48 








18 
23 
249 
434 










33.52 
90.00 


86.07 

115.00 
434 00 


123. 59 


Glacier (Mont): 

Fee , $5 for season permits 






Do 




Fee, $1 for single round trip 

Do 


4 

26 


249. 00 


4.00 














339.00 

.48 


549. 00 
1.01 






















338. 52 


547.99 


916.51 



I Motorcycles not admitted into Yosemite and Yellowstone National Parks. 



16 



IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 



Receipts collected from automobiles and motorcycles admitted into the national parJcx 
during the period from Oct. 21, 1914, to Nov. 17, 1915 — Continued. 



Name of national park, source of re- 
ceipt, and lee clia!f;ed per automo- 
biie or motorcycle. 



Yellowstone 1 (Wyo.): 

Fee , regnlar triiis, 2-passenger au- 
tomobiles $5; 5-passenger.S7.50: 
and 7-passenger, $10. Local 
trins via northern entrau'^e, 2- 
passengerSl: 5-pas.senger $1.50; 
and 7-pa.ssenger automobiles, $2 
each. 
2-passenger autos — 

Entran'-es: ' '. 31, S. 2, K. 18, 

W.42, at ?5 each 

5-passenger autos — 

Entrances: '. 276;S.5, E. 153, 

W. .301,atS7.50each 

7-passenger autos— 

Entranr'cs: '. 36, S. 1, E. 22, 

W.49, atSlOea'jh 

Local trins, northern entrance: 1, 
2-passenger; 19, 5-passenger; and 
2, 7-passenger 



Deduction of transmission fees. 



Total, for all par'.s: 

1914 

1915 



Numlier of per- 
mits issued. 



Auto- 
mo- 
biles. 



93 
735 
108 

22 



4.225 
12.789 



Motor- 
cycles. 



Receipts. 



Season 1914. 



Auto- 
mobiles. 



226 
355 



$14,017.07 



Motor- 
cycles. 



.$226. 00 



Season 1915. 



Auto- 
mobiles. 



$165.00 

5,512.50 

1,080,00 

33.50 



7.091.00 
14.43 



7.076.57 



42,785.03 



Motor- 
cycles. 



$371. 50 



Total, 
automo- 
biles and 
n otor- 
cycles. 



$7,076.57 



57,399.60 



1 Motorcycles not admitted into Yosemite and Yellowstone ICational Parks. 



IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 



17 




ss 



g be 

.2 .a 



-=2 a° ^ 
(2 c S * ,/~ «' 

*^ +- '^ tUv'^ IC .2h 

f^ fi p g 5 i-^ 
<i;i cc cs'r; ?; c3 CD 



Oft 



P,C3 



■•3 c 
£13 






sa: 






— ^ m 03 



® rt R 



BXC3 ^J5 



= -« 2 ® » art - 

P^ « (5 






■::3 p c ?i 






*r C^i CD I^ ^^ 
CD iO I— I CO GO 



CC O lO 



CO O 0000 
1-ICO rt ITS 



.-H ■* rt 



O O CO o 



^; ^ 






t^cO OO <N 

o; CO cc CD CN 

1-1 <M 1-1 



CO 
TP CD 

CO CO 1-4 

t^ CO ^ 



1-1 IN 



03 0)0 



C^ Ml CD CO O O lO 

O O O 1-1 OC 1-1 1-1 



00 O! 


05 


=nS5 


O: Oi GC 


^'?^ 


ffi 


55 


a: O CD 


03 03 


d 

03 




<D ® CD 
S S S 



I- 

>.3 



^5 



>- lis 

<5 !S 



2; <) 



3S 



H. Doc. 515, 64-1 



coO So 



^ .S 



, 1=1 
■d.2 

M03 
fl > 

Oj o3 ^. 
® -J 1- 

K* O ft 



en S W c 



o S 



18 IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 

Treasury Department, 
Okfre of Comptroller of the Treasury, 

Washington, June S, 1914- 
Tlio honoml)le the Secretary of the Interior. 

Sir: I have your letter of tlie 1st instant, reffuesting my deeision as to whether 
the revenues from national parks or the appropriations for the administration of said 
parks would be available to pay for the services of Mr. Mark Daniels should you see 
fit to employ him as a superintendent of national parks "to go from park to park 
planning proposed improvements in roads, bridges, buildings, etc., and give personal 
direction to the men in the parks Ihemselves" — his salary and expenses to be appor- 
tioned to the various parks for which he works. 

1 understand from your submission that the object sought to be accomplished by 
the employment of Mr. Daniels is the improvement of national parks. 

Congress has, in connection with the appropriation of funds and otherwise, imposed 
upon the Secretary of the Interior the duty of improving certain national parks. 
Therefore, if in the administration of your office you deem it necessary or advisable 
to employ Mr. Daniels in connection with any national park improvement work for 
which funds have been provided to be expended under your direction, I am of opinion 
that any such funds, whether arising from park revenues or from specific appropria- 
tions made by Congress, are available for the payment of his salary and expenses in 
the manner proposed. ^ 

You do not state in which of the national parks it is proposed to utilize Mr. Daniels's 
ser\-ices, and the laws are not altogether uniform with respect to the use of the reve- 
nues and appropriations of the various parks. But the appropriation for most of 
the parks under your control, and also the revenues from some of them, are author- 
ized to be expended for the "improvement" of said parks. 

Both the appropriations and the revenues of Yosemite, Wind Cave, and Glacier 
National Parks provide for the improvement of said parks. In such cases either or 
both may be used at your discretion for the purpose contemplated. 

The revenues from the Yellowstone, Mount Rainier, Sequoia, and General Grant 
National Parks can not be used for the general improvement of said parks but only 
in the management thereof and the construction of roads and bridle paths therein. 
(See sec. 2475, R. S.; sec. 2, act Mar. 2, 1899, 30 Stat., 994; sec. 2, act Sept. 25, 1890, 
26 Stat., 478; sec. 2, act Oct. 1, 1890, 26 Stat., 651). Therefore, Mr. Daniels's salary 
and expenses can not be paid from said revenues except to the extent that his services 
in each of said parks are in connection with the work of constructing roads and bridle 
paths. But the appropriation for each of said parks, except Yellowstone (see sundry 
ciidl act of June 23, 1913, 38 Stat., 49 and 50), provides for "improvement" as does 
also the appropriation for Crater Lake, Glacier, Mesa Verde, Wind Cave, and Yosemite 
National Parks. 

It appears that neither the revenues from the Yellowstone National Park nor the 
appropriation therefor, under your control, is authorized to be expended for the 
improvement of said park. 

Except for such minor limitations as necessarily follow from the facts stated above, 
there is no apparent reason why you may not proceed as outlined in your letter. 
Respectfully, 

Geo. E. Downey, Comptroller. 



Department op the Interior, 

Washington, December 18, 1914. 
My Dear Mr. Comptroller: I beg to refer to your opinion of June 3, 1914, with 
reference to my power to employ a general superintendent and landscape engineer 
of national parks. I now find it desirable to supplement the superintendent with 
two or three other men, who will have charge of promoting the interests of the parks 
in various ways, regulating concessions granted, insuring larger revenue for the parks, 
and supervising the accounts of concessions and park employees. I beg to be advised 
whether there are any legal objections to providing such employees and for providing 
for appropriations for such administration, apportioning their salaries and park 
expenses to the parks in which they work. 

I am trying to get our parks in condition for the enlarged travel of the coming year 
and to put system into the regulation of our park affairs. 
Cordially, yours, 

(Signed) Franklin K. Lane. 

Hon. George E. Downey, 

Comptroller of the Treasury. 



IMPBOVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PAEKS. 19 

Treasury Department, 

Washington, December 21 , 1914. 
The houoiable the Secretary of the Interior. 

Sir: I have your letter of the 18th instant, in which, after referring to a decision 
of this office of June 3, 1914 (69 MS. C«mp. Dec, 1271), relative to the employment 
of a superintendent of national parks, you state that, for reasons hereinafter mentioned , 
it is desirable to supplement the superintendent with two or three othei employees, 
and ask whether there are any legal objections to providing such employees and ap- 
portioning their salaries and park expenses to the parks in which they are to work. 

In the above-mentioned decision of this office it was held that, with certain limita- 
tions therein indicated, the revenues of the appropriations for the various national 
parks under the control of the Secretary of the Interior were available to pay the sal- 
ary and expenses of a superintendent of national parks, this upon the piesumption 
that the object of his employment was the improvement of national parks. 

In the present case you state, in effect, that the employees are needed to regulate 
concessions granted and to supervise the accounts of concessions and park employees, 
in order that the parks may be in proper condition to meet the enlarged travel which 
is expected to occur within the coming year. It would thus appear that the object 
of the proposed employment is the better management or administration of the parks. 

Congress has charged the Secretary of the Interior with the proper management of 
certain national parks and, by acts of appropriation or acts designating the uses to 
which the revenues of the parks may be applied, has provided the funds from which 
to pay the expenses of management thereof. 

The Secretary being charged with the management of the parks it follows that a 
large discretion is, of necessity, vested in him as to what are or are nol proper expenses 
of management. Accordingly, if in your discretion you deem the services of the 
employees desired necessary to the proper management of the parks — it being pre- 
sumed that said services will be rendered in the parks and not at the seat of govern- 
ment — I know of no lawful reason why their salaries and proper expenses may not 
be paid from any funds available for expenses of management, arising either from 
appropriations or from revenues of the parks, or why said salaries and expenses may 
not be apportioned in the manner suggested in your letter. 
Respectfidly, 

Geo. E. Downey, Comptroller. 



Department of the Interior, 

Office of the Solicitor, 
Washington, November 26, 1915. 

Dear Mr. Secretary: My opinion has been requested upon the questions of a 
transfer or detail of a park ranger from one park to another, and also as to the pay- 
ment of the transportation and subsistence expenses of the ranger so transferred 
while en route. The matter is presented in the following form: 

"In the readjustment of national park matters it may be necessary to transfer a 
park ranger from one park to another. As, for example, from Yellowstone National 
Park, in AVyoming, to Yosemite National Park, in California, or to Rocky Mountain 
National Park, in Colorado. This because of his becoming especially proficient in 
some paiticular class of work, such as road building, fighting fires, or the like, and 
his services theiefore being of moie value to the Government in the park to which 
it is proposed to transfer him than the one in which he is now stationed . 

"Your opinion is requested as to whether such tiarsfei can be made under existing 
law, and the transportation and subsistence expenses of the ranger so transferred 
while en route paid from the appropiiation or revenues cf the park to which he is 
transferred. 

"Youi opinion is also sought as to whether a ranger in one park may be detailed to 
another park and his transportation and subsistence expenses likewise paid fiom 
the funds of the park to which detailed." 

The act of March 3, 1915 (38 Stat., 822-862) provided the following appropriations: 

"Yellowstone National Park: For administiation and protection, * * * |.5,500. 

"Yosemite National Park, Cal.: For protection and improvement, * * * in-, 
eluding not exceeding $2,700 for maintenance and repair of horse-dfa\^Ti passenger- 
carrying vehicles for use of the supeiintendent, supervisor, resident engineer, and 
employees In connection with general park work, * * * $75,000. 

"Rockv Mountain National Park, Colo.: For protection and improvement, * * * 
$8,000. 



20 IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 

Park rangers arc ai)i)()int(Hl under the regulations oi this department, dated January 
9, 1915, under the provisions of Schedule A, Subdivision VIII, section 22, of the 
civil-service rules. The regulations of January 9, 1915, provide that the national 
l)ark ranger service shall consist of a general supervisor of ranger service, chief rangers, 
rangers lirst class, and rangers. The regulatipns further provide: 

"The ranger service is under the direction of the general superintendent of national 
])arks, who administers it in conformity with regulations promulgated by the Secretary 
of the Int(>rior. 

"Ai)])ointments and promotions within the service will be made by the Secretary 
of the Interior on the recommendations of the superintendent of national parks in 
which detachments of the service are serving. 

* * * -X * * * 

■'The strength of the ranger detachment assigned to each i)ark shall be prescribed 
by the general superintendent of national parks, subject to the approval of the Secre- 
tary of the Interior. 

"The duties of the ranger service in each park shall be prescribed by the super- 
A'isor of the park and the general superintendent of national parks, subject to the 
approval of the Secretary of the Interior." 

The files of the department disclose that each park ranger is ai^pointed to a par- 
ticular national park and takes an oath of office as such. Apparently the question 
presented relative to a transfer of such ranger from the Yellowstone National Park, 
for exami^le, to the Yosemite or Rocky Mountain National Parks is upon the pre- 
sumption that the salary of such ranger while so transferred shall continue to be 
paid from the appropriation for the national park to which he was first appointed. 

Appropriations for national parks are not made, generally, for national parks col- 
lectiA'ely, but separate appropriation is made for the administration, protection, and 
improvement of each individual park. Section 3678, Revised Statutes, provides as 
follows: 

"All sums appropriated for the various branches of expenditures in the public 
service shall be applied solely to the objects for which they are respectively made, 
and for no others." 

The authority for the appointment of park rangers is contained in the appropria- 
tion acts, and they are appointed for the protection and administration of each par- 
ticular park; service upon some other park is not within the purposes of the appropria- 
tion imder which they are appointed and from which they are paid. Under the 
facts presented I am, accordingly, of the opinion that a transfer of the kind con- 
templated can not legally be made, although there would be no prohibition upon or 
illegality in appointing such ranger to a similar position in another national park, 
his salary to be paid from the proper appropriation. 

Much of the above disciission is also applicable to the question submitted as to 
whether such ranger might propsrlv be detailed to service in any other park. Section 
166, Revised Statutes, as amended by the act of May 28, 1896" (29 Stat., 179), reads 
in part as follows: 

"Each head of a department may from time to time alter the distribution among 
the various bureaus and offices of his department of the clerks and other employees 
allowed by law, except such clerks or employees as may be required by law to be 
exclusively engaged upon specific work, as he may find it necessary and proper to 
do; but all details hereunder shall be made by written order of the head of the depart- 
ment, and in no case be for a period of time exceeding one hundred and twenty days." 

Section 166, Revised Statutes, originally read as follows: 

"Each head of a department may from time to time alter the distribution among 
the various bureaus and offices of his department of the clerks allowed by law, as he may 
find it necessary and proper to do." 

This section of the Revised Statutes had its origin in section 3 of the act of March 
3, 1853 (10 Stat., 189), which directed that the clerks in the Department of the Interior 
should be arranged into four classes, based upon salary, and contained the proviso 
which was later carried into section 166, Revised Statutes. 

In view of the history of the law authorizing the detail of clerks or employees 
allowed by law, it is doubtful whether such provisions apply to an employee of this 
kind, since he is not a part of the regular graded service of the department. Further, 
.the section 166, Revised Statutes, as now amended, excludes from its operation— 

* * * such class of employees as may be required by law to be exclusively 
engaged upon specific work. 

As al)ove pointed out, a park ranger is employed for the protection and administra- 
tion of a particular park to which he is assigned and for which a particular appropri- 
ation is made by Congress. To detail such ranger to any other park removes him 
from the character of work u]wn which the law requires him to be exclusively engaged. 



IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS. 21 

In this conuection I would refer to an opinion of the Attorney General, dated 
March 21, 1894 (20 Op. A. G., 750), considering section 166, Revised Statutes, in 
which it was said, at page 752: 

"I am of opinion that it is competent for you, as head of a department, to 'alter the 
disposition among the various bureaus and offices of your 'department of the clerks 
allowed by law, as you may find it necessary and proper to do'; taking care, however, 
that in no case shall any such clerk be paid from any appropriation made for con- 
tingent expenses, or for any specific or general purpose, unless such payment is spe- 
cifically provided for in the law granting the appropriation." 

I am, accordingly, of the opinion that such detail can not be legally made; but, as 
above pointed out, a new appointment as park ranger upon the national park then 
needing his services may be made. 

1^ The question is further presented, whether the transportation and subsistence 
expenses of a ranger so transferred or detailed, while en route, may be paid from the 
appropriation or revenues of the park to which he is transferred or detailed. As 
above stated, the transfer or detail can not legally be made; and, fmther, the question 
as to whether such expenses for transportation and subsistence incurred while the 
ranger is en route to his new place of employment is more properly one for submission 
to the Comptroller of the Treasury, within whose jurisdiction it lies. I therefore 
hesitate to express any opinion thereon. 

However, I would call your attention to the following decisions of the Comptroller 
of the Treasury. In decision of June 10, 1903 (9 Comp. Dec, 751), it w^as held (sylla- 
bus): 

"The chief clerk in the office of the inspector of the third lighthouse district in 
Porto Rico is not entitled to reim'nu\sement of traveling expenses on 1 eing transferred 
to a similar position at St. Louis, Mo., as the two places are separate and independent 
appointments." 

In the decision dated August 7, 1913 (20 Comp. Dec, 73), on an application of an 
employee of a United States land oflice for reim'iiirsement for traveling expenses 
incurred in connection with his transfer from one local office to a like position in 
another local office, the comptroller held: 

"The travel performed was not travel from one station to another under the same 
appointment. Each transfer was in effect a new appointment to a new place requir- 
ing the taking of a new oath of office and actual entrance on duty 1 efore such clerk was 
lawfully entitled to pay at the new place of duty. (See decision of July 21, 1898, 7 
MS. Comp. Dec, 110). And the travel was performed in going to accept a new posi- 
tion or appointment. 

"Such travel can not l;e considered as travel on pu' lie business so as to entitle the 
claimant to reimV/ursement of expenses therefor under the act of March 3. 1875 (18 
Stat., 452^. Traveling expenses are incident to service and the right to reimbursement 
therefor can properly attach only after he has qualified for the position. So, also, 
the travel in question had no official connection with the position he left when going 
to accept the new position." 

A similar question arose in connection with the transfer of employees in national 
cemeteries. There is. however, a vital distinction letween appropriations for na- 
tional parks and appropriations for national cemeteries. In the latter case the ajopro- 
priations are made generally for maintaining and improving national cemeteries col- 
lectively, and not in the form of separate and distinct appropriations for each indi- 
vidual cemetery. Superintendents of national cemeteries are not appointed for duty 
at any particular cemetery, 1 ut are appointed in the service generally and then 
assigned to duty at the several national cemeteries according to the interests of the 
service. Their appointment is continuous under the same appropriation. In con- 
sidering the right of superintendents of national cemeteries to reim" au-sement of travel- 
ing expenses, in going from one cemetery to another under orders, the Comptroller 
held (17 Comp. Dec, 481), that (syllauis): 

"The cost of transporting superintendents of national cemeteries and of their house- 
hold effects from one cemetery to another when the transfer is for the convenience of 
the Government is a proper charge against the United States and is chargeable to the 
appropriation 'National cemeteries.'" 

Again, in 19 Comp. Dec. 551. 554, the comptroller considering the same question, 
said : 

"It is understood that superintendents of national cemeteries are not appointed for 
duty at any particular cemetery, but are appointed in the service generally and then 
assigned to duty at the several national cemeteries according to the interests of the 
service. 

"At the time of Superintendent Dommitt's appointment a regulation was in force 
to the effect that superintendents transferred from one cemetery to another in the 



22 IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PAEKS. 

interest and for the convenience of the Government were entitled to be furnished 
transportation and sleeping-car accommodations when necessary, and it is now the 
rule to pay for such transportation and sleeping-car accommodations from the appro- 
priiition for national cemeteries made each year in the sundry civil appropriation act 
on the theory that such transportation and sleeping-car accommodations are an inci- 
dent to the proper maintenance of the national cemeteries." 

In this connection, the act of March 4, 1911 (36 Stat., 1235), authorizing the pay- 
ment of traveling expenses incm-red in transferring employees of the Department of 
Agriculture from one official station to another for permanent duty is significant. 
The act provides: 

"That hereafter officers and employees of the Department of Agriculture transferred 
from one official station to another for permanent duty, when authorized by the 
Secretary of Agriculture, may be allowed actual traveling expenses, including charges 
for the transfer of their effects and personal property used in ofilcial work, under such 
rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the Secretary of Agriculture." 

The comptroller, considering this provision (18 Comp. Dec, 698, 700), said: 

"It is quite clear from the language used that such employees are to be reimbursed 
their traA'eling expenses in getting from the old to the transferred station, something 
they are not entitled to by law until the passage of the act in question. 

A reading of the above decisions, creates the impression that the comptroller's view 
would be adverse to such payment. 

Cordially and respectfully, 

Preston C. West, Solicitor. 

o 



10 3. 



^" /' X •- ^^'^-^ 'WW /'\ -.^K- ^■^ ■ 












K* <?yv ^^ oy^^\y^* «? ^^ 







NT" ^ 










,^^^^-^ 



^^ 



vV^ 









0^ c " " 









' ^°*^^. 









v5. 



,o\. V-^-^Z %-W-^'\o'> *^/T^\/ - 









*^ .0^ 



» 4 .^^ 



^^*^°^ 





















.^ 



